Carpinus japonica

Japanese Hornbeam

A refined, small to medium deciduous tree admired for its elegant form, smooth gray bark, and excellent seasonal interest. Bright green, finely pleated leaves emerge in spring, remain clean through summer, and develop yellow to orange-red fall color. Distinctive hop-like seed clusters add ornamental value in late summer and fall. Naturally graceful and well-scaled for residential landscapes.


Plant Characteristics


Type: Deciduous tree



Form: Upright to rounded, finely branched



Mature Width: 20–30 ft



Mature Height: 30–40 ft



Flower Color: Inconspicuous yellow-green catkins



Foliage Color: Bright green; yellow to orange-red fall color




Growing Conditions


USDA Hardiness Zones: 4a–8b



Light: Full sun to partial shade



Soil: Moist, fertile, well-drained soils; tolerates clay



Water: Moderate; prefers consistent moisture



Maintenance: Low; minimal pruning required




Landscape Uses
Specimen tree, woodland gardens, mixed borders, understory plantings, and Asian-inspired landscapes. Excellent for smaller properties needing a refined shade tree.


Care Tips


Mulch to conserve moisture and protect roots



Avoid prolonged drought, especially when young



Prune lightly in late winter if needed

Plant type

Deciduous Tree

Height

30'-40'

Width

20-30''

Hardiness zones

4–9

Sunlight

Full Sun

Growth rate

Slow

Bloom time

Spring

Flower color

Green

Leaf color

Green

Fall color

Green

Soil

Clay, Loamy well-drained, Moist well-drained

Landscape use

Accent Plant, Specimen

Shape

Vase Shaped

Bark

Smooth

Fruit

Yes

Drought tolerant

No